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Artificial Intelligence

Knowledgebase & Articles /

Artificial Intelligence (AI), the ability of a virtual PC or computer-manages robotic to carry out duties generally associated with human beings. The term is regularly carried out to the undertaking of growing structures endowed with the intellectual tactics characteristic of human beings, along with the capacity to cause, discover which means, generalize, or analyze from previous experiences. How does AI work? As the hype around AI has multiplied, providers had been scrambling to sell how their products and services use AI. Frequently what they refer to as AI is genuinely one factor of AI, such as device mastering. AI calls for a basis of specialized hardware and software Programme for writing and training machine learning algorithms. No one Programmeming language is synonymous with AI, but a few, consisting of Python, R and Java, are famous. In well known, AI structures work through ingesting huge amounts of labeled training dataset, analyzing the dataset for correlations and finding the new patterns, and the use of these styles to make predictions about future. In this manner, a chatbot this is fed examples of text chats can learn to produce sensible exchanges with humans, or an photograph recognition device can learn how to discover and describe objects in pix by way of reviewing hundreds of thousands of examples. AI Programmeming makes a specialty of three cognitive abilities: learning, reasoning and Self-correction. Artificial neural networks and deep learning knowledge of AI technologies are quickly evolving, commonly due to the fact AI procedures large quantities of data an awful lot faster and makes future predictions extra appropriately than humanly feasible. while the large quantity of data being created on a daily basis could bury a human researcher, AI Programmes that use ML algorithms can take that information and speedy turn it into actionable information. AI is costly due to use of huge data sets. Advantages Good for handling huge data sets. Can get future predictions. Time consuming. Accurate results can get. Disadvantages Experts needed to work with AI. References https://www.oracle.com/in/artificial-intelligence/what-is-ai/ https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence https://www.techtarget.com/searchenterpriseai/definition/AI-Artificial-Intelligence https://www.hpe.com/hpe/what_is_ai   Dr. M. Ashok Kumar is a Lecturer I in the Department of Computer Science, Skyline University Nigeria. He has a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Periyar University, India. You can join the conversation on facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on twitter @SkylineUNigeria

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Skyline University Nigeria Commemorates Breast Cancer Awareness Month

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In commemoration of Breast cancer awareness month in October, Skyline University Nigeria campaigned to raise awareness to ensure every woman has access to information and support on the impact of breast cancer. The event began with students of Microbiology making effort to raise awareness amongst the staff and students of the University by putting pink ribbons on people’s shirts. The pink ribbon is an international symbol of breast cancer awareness, expressing moral support for women with breast cancer. The event made a positive impact on the recognition and awareness of breast cancer, a threatening disease amongst females and a leading cause of mortality amongst the female population. The event was concluded with a webinar with the theme, “close the care gap”, Featuring Guest Lecturer, Dr Ashok Singh, a Radiotherapist of the Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (GIMS), India. Dr. spoke on the high prevalence of breast cancer in the world, self-examination and the importance of early detection of breast cancer. He unveiled the preventive measures in the developing stage of cancer in the human body. “Comprehensively, cancer control involves prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment”. He added that raising the awareness of the general public on the breast cancer problem as well as advocating for appropriate policies and Programmemes are key strategies for cancer control. Earlier in his opening remark, the workshop conveyor and Dean of School of Science and Information Technology, Dr. A. Senthil Kumar, expressed hope that through this workshop, participants would live by what they had learnt.

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Skyline University Nigeria Hosts Yandutse College in ‘Changing Gear’

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Skyline University Nigeria recently organized the “Changing the Gear” workshop as part of its goal of preparing students for the technology-driven world.Dr Ashok Kumar, of the Department of Computer Science, inspired students with his speech on the theme, “The future is in your hands” and how to make the most of the opportunities presented by the world.By making campus visits, and partaking in the changing gear Programmeme, students of Yandutse College get a feel for the university environment, the buildings, the layout, the students and everything that make up the Skyline community.See the event in photos.        

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Skyline University Nigeria Commence 2022 Cybersecurity Awareness Week

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Since 2018, Skyline University Nigeria has been celebrating and hosting cyber security awareness week, helping students and individuals alike protect themselves online as threats to technology and confidential data become more commonplace. The computer science and software engineering students of the University lead a collaborative effort between students and staff to raise cybersecurity awareness nationally and internationally. This year’s theme, “Cyber Security Needs, Essentials & Awareness in Nigeria” demonstrates that while cybersecurity may seem like a complex subject, ultimately, it’s all about people, providing information and resources to help educate students and staff and the public that all individuals and organizations must make smart decisions whether on the job, at home or at school to stay safe online. The event running from 24th to 28th October 2022 features informative and fun activities, with respect to the wide range of cyber security potentials, geared to benefit students of not only the Information Science department but other departments of the university and staff also, who would have the chance to learn how cyber security can help keep the Nigerian people safe. Kicking off with the theme of the event on Monday 24th October 2022, The cyber security week was opened with a webinar from a Guest lecturer, Ahmad Hashim, an E-learning consultant at Edugrow Learning and the CEO of PenTest CyberSecurity Institute, Kano. Then, followed by technical quizzes, webinars, competitions and webinars amongst the computer science and software engineering students of the University. The event demonstrated that individuals can have basic cyber hygiene practices, update their software, think before they click any link online, have good strong passwords or a password keeper, and enable multi-factor authentication on all their sensitive accounts. It was indeed a fun week for the Computer Science and Software Security Students.

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Modernization of Nigerian Abattoirs is the need of the hour

Knowledgebase & Articles /

According to one estimate, the global protein ingredients market size is projected to surpass around US$ 114.6 billion by 2030 [1]. Meat is a major source of protein that is in high demand all over the world. The increased demand for high-protein foods has resulted from the world’s growing population. This demand is felt more acutely in developing countries such as Nigeria. Every day millions of people across the globe depend on meat supply from abattoirs. In Nigeria, over 1.3 million cows are slaughtered yearly, as cattle alone provide about 30 percent of the meat consumed in the country [2]. A slaughterhouse, also called an abattoir, is a facility where animals are slaughtered to provide animal meat for human consumption. The Kano abattoir, which is located in the metropolis Wambai quarters, is one of the state’s primary meat processing facilities, from which raw meat products are processed and supplied across the state’s 44 Local Government Areas, as well as neighboring states and countries The abattoir in Kano is almost 60 years old [3]. Kano abattoir was built in 1963 by Sir Ahmadu Ibrahim Bello the late premier of Northern Nigeria. At the time of the abattoir construction, butchery was not considered to be a serious business; however, it had state-of-the-art facilities at that time. But because of the cultural and religious practices the machines installed were never put to use. Later, when the demand for meat increased there was tremendous pressure exerted on this abattoir which lacked the facilities of modern slaughter house such as mechanical slaughtering and cold storage etc. Demand was voiced for an alternative slaughterhouse. The first governor of Kano State Audu Bako attempted to shift the abattoir to another location with better facilities but the butchers refused to relocate to the facility due to ignorance of the long-term benefits. As a result the Kano abattoir still functions without modern slaughtering facilities [4]. An effort was made to evaluate the sanitary conditions of the Kano slaughterhouse [5]. The investigation aimed to assess the hygiene and sanitary conditions prevailing in the abattoir. The study indicated the condition of the slaughterhouse to be very poor. Due to the heavy load of slaughtering and the non-adoption of modern technology the condition of the slaughterhouse has become very filthy (figure 1).  Due to its highly nutritive nature carcass is prone to microbial infection if not processed properly, which lead to deterioration in meat quality, and even can cause food poisoning. Few samples that were collected from the abattoir site for microbial analysis indicated the presence of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella, Salmonella typhii and Streptococcus pyogenes. Among the microbes isolated, Staphylococcus aureus had the highest percentage of occurrence of (27%) while Proteus mirabilis had the least percentage of occurrence of (3%).   There is an urgent need for the modernization of the Kano abattoir. Drastic changes had happened in the last 50 years and demand for meat has increased many folds. Without adopting modern methods it is very difficult for slaughterhouses to keep quality standards. A few slaughterhouses were recently closed by the Government due to the unhygienic environment in which they operate [6]. The financial implication because of eating contaminated food is a huge and serious health concern. The outbreak of certain infectious diseases such as cholera, brucellosis, bovine tuberculosis, and other parasitic worms can be directly linked with contaminated meat consumption. It is high time to initiate a serious discussion with all the stakeholders to highlight the importance of providing good quality meat for the consumers. References: Food and Beverages – Protein Ingredients Market. https://tinyurl.com/ycktmbtt Akinfenwa G. Risking contaminated meals over unsanitary abattoirs, poor meat processing. The Guardian 2022, 13 February. https://tinyurl.com/2j5azs77 Ngbokai RP. Kano abattoir in dire need of modern facilities. Daily Trust 2019, 09 Jan. https://tinyurl.com/29yv637w Ngbokai RP. State of 58-Year-Old Kano abattoir. Daily Trust 2021, 21 March. https://tinyurl.com/2p9mfvk6 Ali Z S. Assessment of operational facilities and sanitary practices in a slaughter house in Kano, Nigeria. B.Sc. Dissertation submitted to Skyline University Nigeria, 2022. Aliyu A. Edo Govt shuts 3 more abattoirs over unhygienic environment. Vanguard 2018, October 11. https://tinyurl.com/yc3496ph   Dr. Sanjoy Kumar Pal is a Professor of Biology in Skyline University Nigeria. He has a PhD. in Animal Genetics from Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India. You can join the conversation on facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on twitter @SkylineUNigeria

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Events to look out for in AY 2022/2023

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Skyline University Nigeria (SUN) cares about students welfare and is dedicated to their academic, personal and career successes. That’s why we work together to ensure that students are prepared for classes and are thriving outside of the classroom experience. From Fresher’s Party to Orientation, to Matriculation, Workshops/seminars, Excursions and fairs, End of Semester exams etc. Skyline University Nigeria has the resource and people to give a positive and successful experience. Below are some of the major events to look out for in Academic Year (AY) 2022/2023. #1 Orientation The orientation Programmeme for the new intake into Skyline University Nigeria is the first chance to engage new students in the culture, expectations, and resources of SUN. Orientation provides an opportunity for new students to learn about what being among the Skyliners is all about and gives them focus beyond the academic department or Programmeme they are joining. It introduced basic concepts of education, and includes opportunities for academic and career guidance, getting acquainted with the Skyline’s environment and, of course, refreshment. This year’s orientation, was very informative as academic support staff, as well as old students, were on hand to help the new students with their registrations, any question they may ask, guide them through a collaborative orientation experience and contribute to events throughout the Orientation. #1 Fresher’s Party For Skyline University Nigeria, Fresher’s party is organized every year to welcome the new batch of students. This day gives a chance to the students to interact amongst themselves. This also ensures that the students get a chance to interact with none academic staffs, professors and returning students. On this day, the spirits are usually high as returning students get together to welcome the new batch with music, food and games. The fresher’s party is a fabulous way to kick start the academic year for the students. #3 Matriculation Matriculation marks the formal process of entering into Skyline University Nigeria, a process that will imbibe the students with the widely acknowledge university tradition of academic and character excellence throughout their university journey. Hence the significance of the matriculation ceremony should guide the student’s conduct, throughout their stay in the university. At the Matriculation ceremony, students are expected to take the matriculation oath, spells out certain ethos and rules of intellectual engagement that must guide student’s behaviour in and outside the classroom at all times. Matriculation is not complete without the signing of the matriculation register. Basically, Matriculating students would wear academic gowns and caps usually obtained from the university library. #4 Workshops/seminars/Fieldtrips As part of the university’s strategic goal; which is to impact students’ academic performance through other learning modalities, Skyline University Nigeria will be organizing workshops/seminars and field trips for students. These occasional visits are designed to practically educate and engaged students with access to tools and environment that are not available at the school while giving each and every student the real-world experience. SUN has an astounding variety of events, largely organized and run by academic departments and students. Professionals come to campus and offer distinctive views informed by their experiences and expertise. #5 Sports Apart from all the aforementioned, there is the sports department where athletes and aspiring athletes from all over the world, came together to compete for honours among themselves. Skyline University Nigeria has already gone far in its plans ahead of the Nigerian Universities Games Association (NUGA), billed to hold annually. Finally, there are a lot of other campus activities to learn from. There are over 200 out of class activities, many campus-wide events and students associations and clubs to help you find your passion, your place, and your niche.

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Vice-Chancellor Task New Students with Upholding the Vision of Skyline University Nigeria at New Students Orientation

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The Vice-Chancellor of Skyline University Nigeria (SUN), Prof. Ajith Kumar V.V has urged new students to strive to continue their quota to attain the vision of Skyline University Nigeria, to become one of the leading internationally recognized universities in the world. Prof. Ajith gave this advice during the University’s new students’ orientation for the academic year 2022/2023, held at the University’s campus.

While emphasizing the importance of the undergraduate Programmeme to the students’ quest for learning, the Vice-Chancellor stated that it was the most important for students to stay committed and focused on their academic work, getting their degree and graduating. (It is in your hands what you want this University to become in the next four-six years of your academic journey. The Vice-Chancellor stated

He noted that at Skyline University Nigeria, it is the mandate of the University to make sure students graduate on time. He stressed that students of Skyline University Nigeria have to be totally responsible in their behaviour as this would distinguish them from their peers in other universities. “We request all of you to follow the rules and regulations of the university, make your parents proud and make your mark in the world as you work to graduate from this prestigious university” the Vice-Chancellor added.

There were other presentations made by eminent members of the University Management to the new students. These include presentations from the Dean, of the School of Science and Information Technology, Dr Senthil A. Kumar, The Dean of Arts, Management and Social Science, Dr Sudha Mavuri, The Dean of the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Dr Isa Usman Lawal. There were other presentations from the Library, Sports, IT, SSD, CCL, and Security Department.

The events also featured returning students who were on hand to help guide the students with their registration process as well as familiarize them with the University’s activities.

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Attributes of emerging retail formats towards commercial marketing mix

Knowledgebase & Articles /

Introduction – Changing the Retail Format More and more brands and products are being launched every day. The end-to-end shopping experience is changing. Almost every step of the process, from the moment the idea for a product is conceived, until the moment it lands in the hands of a consumer will evolve in the next 10 years, and continue to do so. To more deeply explore these omni channel insights, modern and diversified distribution network connecting supply, demand and delivery that helps retailers and brands increase sales by expanding product assortments, promoting products on the channels that perform, and enabling rapid, on-time customer delivery. Emerging Retailing Format *Malls*Specialty Stores*Discount Stores*Department Stores*Departmental Stores*Multi Brand outlets*Hyper marts/Supermarkets*Convenience Stores 1. The ‘Product’ Mix – Every organization has a product mix that is made up of product lines. The variety of products that a company produces, or that a retailer stocks is known as ‘product line’. The product mix is the set of all the products offered for sale by a company. The basic components of product mix are:(i) Services (ii) Packaging (iii) Brand (iv) Product Item (v) Product line 2. The ‘Price’ Mix – Price has always been one of the most important variables in retail buying decision. It is the factor which makes or mars a retail organization. It is also the easiest and quickest element to change. The components of price mix are:(i) Organizational objectives (ii) Competition (iii) Cost and profit(iv) Credit terms (v) Discount (vi) Pricing options(vii) Fixed and variable costs (viii) Pricing options(ix) Pricing policies 3. The ‘Place’ Mix – The retailer should keep in mind the fact that his ‘product’ should be available near the place of consumption so that the consumers can easily buy it. If the brand preferred by the consumer is not easily available at a convenient location, he may buy some other brand in the same product category. Following are the components of a retail price mix:(i) Distribution channels (ii) Intermediary (iii) Distance Factor(iv) Inventory Level (v) Transportation (vi) Warehousing and Storage 4. The ‘Promotion’ Mix – After deciding upon the budget, retailer should determine the appropriate promotional mix – a combination of advertising, public relations, personal selling and sales promotion. These various promotional issues:(i) Cost of the method (ii) Its reach (iii) Degree of flexibility(iv) Credibility (v) Control over media Practices and Habitual Customs of Respondents in RetailingInnovative retail marketing and consumer’s changing lifestyle have changed their needs and choices, today’s consumers seek more updated information before they make their purchases; therefore retailer can get success by good marketing and right information. Conclusion The conclusion derived from the analysis of the collected secondary information published in various sources such as journals, official government websites, text and books related on retailing sector. Most of the organized retailers in and around the world are harping on quality, service, convenience, satisfaction and assured benefits to lure shoppers into the store. Retailers should create value for the consumer and must decide suitable vehicle to deliver desired consumer value. No doubt that retail format is one of the vehicles to deliver value proposition and also it helps to position the store in the mind of target shoppers. Probably in a growing market no one finds difficulty in pulling customer into store but that may not be sufficient to operate profitably. Retailers need to find out what matches consumer requirement and offer better than competition. Retailers certainly need to be innovative in designing the value proposition and deciding the format to deliver that to the consumer. It is not all about deciding the format but all about serving the consumer better, faster and at less cost. Retailers can use their store as an indicator of what they stand for and what value they offer. Retailers have to out think consumer in providing service and value. References 1. S.Jaideep, “Retail Scenario of India: An Overview”, http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/retailing/retail-scenario-of-india-an-overview/487342. Anasua Chakraborty, “Emerging sectors/trends in Indian retailing”, http://info.shine.com/industry/retail/7.html3. http://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/2203/indian-retail-industry-its-growth-challenges-and-opportunities?page=44. Report on Indian Retail Industry, Indian Brand Equity Foundation, www.ibef.org, May 2018, pp-65. Technopak Advisors private limited, BCG, Indian Brand Equity Foundation, www.ibef.org, May 2018, pp-86. Coopers, Price water house, Technopak, Indian Brand Equity Foundation, www.ibef.org, May 2018, pp-177. Sunil Jindal, Managing Director, SRS Value Bazaar (SRS Group), www.indianretailer.com/article/whats-hot/trends/Indian-retail-industry—Challenges-and-Opportunities.a4070/8. Vidushi Handa and Navneet Grover, “Retail Sector in India: Issues and Challenges”, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, Vol.2, Issue – 5, May 2012, pp-2449. https://www.insightssuccess.in/challenges-retail-industry-is-facing-in-india10. https://www.ibef.org/industry/retail-india/showcase Dr. Senthil Kumar, is an Associate Professor of Finance and Business Management in Skyline University Nigeria. He has a PhD. in Business Management from Bharathiar University, India. You can join the conversation on facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on twitter @SkylineUNigeria

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Registrar Assures Returning Students a Most Rewarding Experience

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The Registrar of Skyline University Nigeria, Mr Haruna Aliyu has assured returning students of a most rewarding experience as they continue their academic journey. While speaking at the returning students’ orientation Programmeme held at the University campus on Wednesday, 12th October 2022, Mr Haruna welcomed the students back on campus. He reintroduced Skyline University Nigeria to the students as the University set to support students towards fulfiling their aspirations. The Registrar also reeled out the University’s Core Values, which he said, distinguished students of Skyline University Nigeria from other institutions in Nigeria and the world. According to him, ‘Skyline New & Existing Policies’ encompassed a combination of knowledge, skills and value-based education to empower the students’ community. He congratulated the students for successfully completing the past sessions and reminded the students of the University’s policy to make sure their desires are fulfiled. Other areas covered by the orientation include presentations from the Library, Sports, IT, SSD, CCL, Corporate Affairs, and from the Deans of the various schools.See the event in photos.

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Skyline University Nigeria Gets Approval for School of Law

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Skyline University Nigeria has received another approval from the National Universities Commission (NUC) to run School of Law undergraduate Programmemes (LL.B. Law), B.Sc. Cybersecurity and B.Sc. Data Science to be at degree level and full-time. According to a letter sent to the Vice-Chancellor of the University, Professor Ajith Kumar V.V, by the NUC, the approval was sequel to the successful resource verification carried out by a panel of experts comprising eminent professors sent to the University’s School of Law, Cybersecurity and Data Science Programmeme. The approval reads in part, “I am directed to inform the Vice-Chancellor that the Executive Secretary has considered and approved the establishment of the full-time mode of the following undergraduate Programmemes, to be run in the main Campus of the University with effect from 2022/2023 academic session”. By this approval, Skyline University Nigeria is enjoined to commence the smooth take-off of the undergraduate Programmemes, another achievement in the endorsement of its academic Programmemes as the regulatory body for university education in Nigeria. With this approval, the University has opened its doors to receive applications from prospective candidates. The approval received will enhance the academic capacity of Skyline University Nigeria, and give impetus to the University’s quest to become a leading international research University. Congratulations to Skyline University Nigeria!

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