Knowledgebase & Articles

Paraphrasing the words of Frederick Douglas “it is better to be true to myself, even at the point of incurring the ridicule of others, rather than to be false.” Within this context, academic integrity is essential to the overall success of our mission as educators. It provides the basis for proper conduct in students’ lives after graduation. Additionally, many students, teachers, and administrators often adopt the principles of academic integrity as a tool within which the goals of teaching, learning, and research are effective. This knowledge update is an attempt to frame academic integrity in ways that are both positive and pragmatic.  Value education has been given priority by Nigerian governments since independence and is expressed in various policy documents. For instance, The National Policy on Education (2004, p. 8) has put in place a framework for national education goals, in part, as “the inculcation of the right type of values and attitudes.” Those who designed the policy believed that the right values are sine-qua-non “for the survival of the individual and the Nigerian society.” Promoters of this policy from time to time lamented that “lack of academic integrity in the system constitutes a major lacuna.”   Education is peculiar to character first, before skills. Without acceptable character, people can easily apply their skills in negative directions that could harm rather than develop society. As a teacher, I have learned over the years that academicians have spent quality time and resources in developing skills and sharpening professional potentials. However, some do not commensurate efforts in developing their character to conform with the acceptable values that will add to the education system for greater productivity. Teaching is a psycho-social business that goes several steps beyond paper qualification with incursions into the personal psychological dispositions in terms of behavioural antecedents and projections.  The inappropriate approach to the basic tools of scientific inquiry in the educational system also has an imprint on honest academic engagement as well as the question of moral value to the pedagogical purity in our discipline. Today, deceit has become the standard for research and learning, which often affects the quality of education in our contemporary society. In this regard, it is imperative to explore the often less academically addressed subject of academic integrity in communication scholarship. Hopefully, in a short time to come, the knowledge gap in this area across countries and continents shall be given priority by scholars to the strengthening of theory, methodology, and general knowledge based on the subject. To achieve this, the fundamental values of honesty, trust, fairness, respect, responsibility, and courage is the key to this problem of an unproductive educational system.  In reality, the qualitative application and systematic involvement of scholars are fundamental to the wellbeing and professional productivity of any institutional development and growth. It safeguards the physiological, psychological, and physical quantitative approach that promotes ethical, objective, and constructive standards, which in turn guarantees free and fair expression of opinions, ideas, and thoughts. Within the academic integrity framework, dishonesty in the system is considered unethical and illegal, especially the one that affects institutional goals, and that of academic misconduct. Arguably, the essence of education is the molding of values first before skills. Without the adequate value of academic integrity, educational institutions are worthless and the products they produce will be disastrous to society (Saa-Aondo, 2018). Therefore, the ability of any institution to achieve its purposes depends upon the quality and integrity of the academic work that its faculty, staff, and students perform. Academic integrity is one step towards cutting-edge research and knowledge transfer. Incidentally, the level at which academic dishonesty is accelerating needs to be addressed in the educational system. It is better to live with trying to solve the problem of academic dishonesty than to live without trying.  References  NPE (2004). The National Policy on Education. (4th Ed.). Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council.   Saa-Aondo, S. A. (2018). Academic integrity: A value orientation project. Obama Publishers.   Mr. Aondover Eric Msughter, is a Lecturer II in the Department of Mass Communication in Skyline University Nigeria. He has obtained a Master of Science Degree (M.Sc) in Mass Communication from Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria    

A workplace is an environment where individuals from different backgrounds come together on a common platform to achieve a predefined goal. Every workplace has principles and policies mandatory for employees. The beliefs, ideologies, and practices of a workplace form its culture which gives a sense of direction to the employees. Workplace culture goes a long way in creating the brand image of the organization and makes it distinct from other organizations (Odedokun, 2017).   Employees are the time assets of the workplace. They are the ones who contribute effectively towards the successful functioning of an organization. They strive to deliver their level best and achieve the assigned targets within the stipulated time frame.  Employees play an important role in deciding the culture of the workplace. The behavior, attitude, and interests of employees at the workplace form the culture. The processes and assumptions of the members of an organization contribute to its culture. A motivated and satisfied employee would promote a healthy culture at the workplace as compared to an unmotivated employee (Adekeye & Ajayi, 2020). Importance of Workplace Culture The culture of the workplace controls the way employees behave within the organization as well as with people outside the organization. Every organization has a unique modus operandi that shapes its culture. Hence, the importance of workplace culture cannot be overemphasized (Ajayi & Kayode, 2020). Workplace culture determines how employees relate to one another at the workplace. A good culture encourages employees to stay motivated and loyal towards the management. The culture of the workplace also promotes healthy competition at the workplace. Employees try their best to earn recognition, promotion, and appreciation from their superiors. It is the culture of the workplace that actually motivates the employees to perform the task assigned to them. Workplace culture unites all employees who are otherwise from different backgrounds, families and have varied attitudes and mentalities. The culture gives them a sense of purpose at the workplace. The workplace culture promotes healthy relationships among employees as no one treats work as a burden. A good workplace culture makes employees understand their roles and responsibilities in the organization and how to go about the tasks ahead of the timelines. Bad workplace culture is dangerous and engenders workplace deviant behavior. It is therefore incumbent on managers and leaders in every organization to develop a good workplace culture   References Adekeye, D.S. and Ajayi, O.A. (2020). Workplace Deviant Behaviour and Standard of Health Care Delivery in Nigerian Public Hospitals. Revista Universitară de Sociologie Year XVI, 1: 24 – 37.  http://www.sociologiecraiova.ro/revista/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/00.-FULL-VERSION-24-37.pdf Ajayi, O.A and Kayode, O.E. (2020). Workplace Deviant Behavior in Nigerian Universities and Sustainable Development: A Cross Sectional Study of Selected Universities. In Oshin, O; Sogunro, B; Joseph, I; Aluko, O (eds.) Festschrift in Honour of Rt. Rev. Prof Dapo Asaju; Reinvigorating Nigerian Universities for Sustainable Development; 203 -214. Odedokun, A. (2017) Work and Culture Interaction in an Organizational Context. Journal of Health and Social Issues 6 (1) 57- 66.   Dr. Ajayi is a Lecturer I at the School of Art, Management and Social Science, Skyline University Nigeria. He is a Sociologist, Professional Educator, Author and Socio-Political Analyst. He bagged a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) degree in Sociology at the University of Ilorin, Nigeria. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Watch on Youtube! The Students of Skyline University Nigeria (SUN) Holds Arts & Photography Day. The event which was organized by the University’s Students Arts & Photography Club, a sub-unit of the Students’ Service Department (SSD), is one of the major outlets for displaying students’ creativity through photography and paintings. It was amusing and gave an opportunity to young artists to showcase their innovative talents in the University. Other features include music, questions and answers sessions, and an exchange of gifts.

Introduction Artificial Intelligence (AI) makes our life more efficient and excellent. AI controls and gives numerous directions which make a difference to us to do each day’s work more brilliantly, such as interfacing with companions, utilizing emails, or utilizing internet management more smoothly. In reality, counterfeit insights can be utilized by numerous individuals from morning to evening. Here is how AI plays an important role in our daily lives.  AI technology in Face ID Smartphones are used in the workplace daily and when the gadget gets opened, utilizing biometrics such as Confront ID allowed the device to scan and capture facial recognition. Apple’s Confront ID can see in 3D. It lights up our faces and places 30,000 imperceptible infrared specks on it to capture a picture. AI machine learning calculates and compares the filter of the face with what it has on its database to decide in case the individual attempting to open the phone is you or not. Social media After opening the phones, numerous individuals will check their social media accounts, such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and more, for available messages or information about recent happenings. The AI is working behind the scenes to personalize what we see on our phones and, make recommendations on other areas of interest based on our search history. AI is also working to anticipate cybercrimes, the world over. Email message We utilize AI instruments such as Grammarly and spell check enact when we compose an email. This tool helps us to draft messages free from mistakes. For language structure adjustment, individuals can utilize AI and NLP advances. It also helps to identify emails that are suspected as spam or recognize a mail as something the recipient would like to get in their inbox. Google search Most individuals can’t go a day without looking out for something in Google search engine. Most of the search engines are not filtering the complete web to give what individuals need without the use of AI innovation. In terms of online advertisements such as running an ad, the advertisements will be posted by utilizing AI innovation based on our past search results and used to evaluate the clients’ interest in purchasing items they need. The AI calculations will be working cleverly and fulfilling the user’s requirements. Digital Voice Assistants Digital voice assistance has rapidly improved our lives in many ways. The Voice-based assistance is making a difference in innovation utilizing NLP highlight to execute verbal commands. Utilizing this innovation, the gadgets can e used to create e-mail messages or typical messages. Voice-based instruments like Siri, Alexa, Google Collaborator, and Cortana utilizes verbal commands in AI innovation. Smart Home Devices Most individuals utilize Smart Home Devices to control domestic gadgets like electronic home appliances. In some of the houses, devices like the IOT innovation are used to oversee the gadgets to work exceptionally. Nowadays most people are beginning to delve into using these innovations to control all their home gadgets exceptionally, allowing them to be routed through the web for the proficiency of control. Traveling  Google maps and other travel apps utilize AI innovation to screen activity to grant us real-time traffic and climate conditions as per the travel destinations. AI Programmes are built-in cars interior and it is associated with all the car sensors to get input from Google Road. The AI copies human discernments and helps them to make choices as per their travel destinations and route. Banking There are many ways artificial intelligence is installed in banking applications. AI mostly monitor and controlled highly secured transactions to avoid and find scams. AI will give alert messages if any dopiest transactions are made by the user through mobiles. It will give low balance indications and will not disburse money to such command. AI is working behind every transaction and gives continuous alert messages to the customers. Also, when paying the amount, it verifies the card details of a valid transaction to protect the transaction from unauthenticated persons Amazon Recommendations The Biggest online retailer, Amazon is attracting people using AI technologies to observe the users’ transactions and their likes, dislikes, etc. through their transaction history. The AI algorithms are used to track the customer’s needs, displaying customers’ likes through ads and giving recommendations on their purchases. Some other popular online retailers such as Zuma, Flipkart, and Alibaba offer prices to their products to attract customers and increase their revenues by using predictive analysis algorithms to minimize customers’ transactions, to attract and give fastest delivery to the customers Netflix or Amazon Prime or Hot Star Netflix and other online streaming platforms are using AI to help subscribers see movies of choice. These platforms are using AI technology algorithms to give recommendations based on past viewing history. Also, these platforms give suggestions on movie recommendations based on the customer’s likes. The users can continue watching from where they previously left off.  Conclusion Our daily lifestyle is subconsciously tied to the use of AI technology. It’ll be very difficult to support most of our day-by-day schedules without the assistance of AI. References https://www.lucidpix.com/10-examples-of-artificial-intelligence-in-our-everyday-lives/ https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2019/12/16/the-10-best-examples-of-how-ai-is-already-used-in-our-everyday-life/?sh=326ed7d81171 https://www.iotforall.com/8-helpful-everyday-examples-of-artificial-intelligence https://beebom.com/examples-of-artificial-intelligence/ Dr. A. Senthilkumar is an Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science and the current Dean of the School of Science and Information Technology (SSIT) in Skyline University Nigeria. He has completed his Ph.D. in Computer Applications in June 2017 from Manonmaniam Sundarnar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Mathematics is an exciting and varied field of study that can open up a lot of opportunities for students. The study of mathematics makes you better at solving problems. It gives you skills that you can use across other subjects and apply in many different job roles. Mathematicians are solving today’s biggest and most difficult problems in the world. Even the celebrated Astronomer, Physicist, and Engineer Galileo Galilei said, “Mathematics is the alphabet with which God has written the universe” in another quote he said, “If I were again beginning my studies, I would follow the advice of Plato and start with mathematics.”  To understand the importance of mathematical questions such as: How possible is it for the great London Tower Bridge to open and close? How possible is it that suspension bridges not fail? How is it possible to land on the moon and other planets? How possible is it for a large ship with tons of iron cargos not to sink in the ocean? Why do we have thousands of aircraft flying in the sky with other unmanned drones but none of them collide? Will be asked and the usage of mathematics is what makes all these possible. Curious humans have been solving humanity’s biggest problems for centuries by employing the power of mathematics.  Seemingly impossible feats are achieved, like sending rovers to Mars, humans landing on the moon, or building the Burj Khalifa at a height of 828 meters, creating mechanical objects that can fly,…without mathematics, none of this would be possible. Mathematics is one of the basic tools that help make the world go around. It’s not surprising that as a field of study, mathematics is an interesting and useful degree Programme to pursue. To elaborate more on the fact that mathematics is the key to human development let’s look at some of the importance of studying mathematics. UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD The role of mathematics in many industries and subjects cannot be overemphasized as well as its impact in day-to-day real-life problems such as counting and shopping, to more complicated mathematical problems such as interpreting data, we use math everywhere. Studying mathematics helps you gain a fundamental knowledge of the subject so you can contribute to the future advancements of many industries. Whether you choose a specialization within mathematics or use the knowledge you gain in another subject, the understanding of the world you develop while studying mathematics can help you to succeed in whatever path you choose. BECOME A PROBLEM SOLVER Mathematics focus is all about trying to solve problems we encounter day today. Mathematics will not only help to solve complex mathematical equations and pass exams but it will also help to develop problem-solving skills while working on solving mathematical functions. Some of the life-changing skills developed while studying mathematics include: Pattern spotting, Working backward, Visualizing, Working systematically, Using logical reasoning, etc. DEVELOP EXCELLENT BRAIN The ability to be creative as well as having good analytical skills are the two major skills desired from employers of labor. The human brain developed a neural pathway for information processing hence is not surprising that mathematics plays an important role in the development of human analytical skills. When we try to solve mathematical problems by following the step of identifying the problem to solve, collecting the available data, systemically solving the problem. By doing that we are training our brain so that when we encounter a real-life problem it will automatically apply the logical step he had learned to solve even when it is not a similar problem.  HELPS ALMOST EVERY CAREER A good understanding of mathematics and its complexities is of great help in almost every career. The American Mathematical Society says a career centered on mathematics provides many opportunities: “Mathematical research and education are at the heart of some careers, while other careers utilize mathematics and its applications to build and enhance important work in the sciences, business, finance, manufacturing, communications, and engineering.” According to Wayne State University, some careers and jobs that benefit from a degree in mathematics include engineers, computer Programmemers, statisticians, actuaries, mathematics teachers, and even business managers, etc. Most of those career appears to be from different field of study but what they all have in common is a strong developed skill set in mathematics.  MATHEMATICS IS A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE Mathematics is the universal language in the sense that it is the only language that is spoken everywhere and its meaning is the same across the globe. If you add 1+1 in Nigeria and the answer is two even in china where they speak an entirely different language the value of 1+1 is still 2.    References https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/13/opinion/sunday/math-logic-smarter.html http://www.ams.org/profession/career-info/career-index https://clas.wayne.edu/math/admissions https://www.amazon.com/beginning-studies-follow-advice-mathematics/dp/B08LNFVTTR   Agada Apeh Andrew is a Lecturer II at the Department of Generral Sciences, School of Sciences and Information Technology at the Skyline University Nigeria. He has an MSc in Mathematics from the Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Great libraries are fruits and roots of great civilizations. From times immemorial, a library is a temple of learning where light of knowledge burns brightly. These are rich springs from which knowledge flows to irrigate the wide field of education and culture. The Awareness in the field of environment sciences is becoming a global talk. People worldwide are realizing its importance .Careful handling of today’s environment would only serve as a legacy for tomorrow’s generation. The libraries have a function to impart knowledge not only to its users but it has also an important role to preserve our rich literary heritage (Aulisio, 2018). The finest efforts of library builders should be that, a library built is environment friendly place where everyone would like to go, a place with a comfort just like their homes. In order to give aesthetic appearance to library and to promote green values, building of green library building movement is in progress. The green library movement emerged in the early 1990s and it is gaining popularity in the field of library and information science profession. The library professional also trying to develop such a kind of library that will be minimize the electricity consumption, energy efficient and environment friendly. There is no need to give extra stress in mind to understand green library. Green or sustainable libraries are the structure that is designed, built, renovated, operated, or reused in an ecological and resource efficient manner (Anonymous, 2008). The   Online   Dictionary   of   Library   and   Information   Science   (ODLIS)   defines green/sustainable libraries as A library designed to minimize negative impact on the natural environment and maximize indoor environmental quality by means of careful site selection, use of natural  construction materials and biodegradable products, conservation of resources like water, energy, paper and responsible waste disposal recycling etc.  So we can built a new library building according to green library principles or renovate existing library building and also provide green library services and facilities and embrace environmentally supportive and sustainable practices within the library. Greening the Library for sustainable development gives information about the Green Library or Sustainable libraries initiative of the world. WHY GREEN LIBRARY? Environmental factors are responsible for decay and deterioration of all kinds of library materials, whatever may be the physical constituents of a particular material. These environmental conditions can be fungus, temperature, light and darkness, humidity and moisture, water, smoke, dust, dirt, air pollution etc. Some of the environmental factors that cause deterioration under extreme conditions are Pollution: Atmospheric contamination is a major cause of chemical degradation in paper .The impurities of air are sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, nitrogen-di-oxide, ozone, aerosols, carbon-di-oxide, carbon monoxide and other chemical compounds. Dirt, smoke, dust and solid particles such as sand and oil soot are the most common solid materials to cause damage. In order to control the pollution and greenhouse gases in environment green libraries are required. Library Associations and Institutions declared that all human beings have the fundamental right to an environment adequate for their health and well-being, acknowledged the importance of a commitment to sustainable development to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of the future. During the 75th IFLA World Library and Information Congress 2009 in Milan, Italy, the newly formed IFLA Special Interest Group ENSULIB (Environmental Sustainability and Libraries), sponsored by the IFLA Preservation and Conservation Section, offered their first conference session, entitled Libraries Library buildings, whether green or not, serve a region or area, and must recognize the needs of the communities that they serve. Through the facility, of and by means of, the staff, resources, leadership, and services, a strategy should be developed for providing for the needs of the service area and the enhancement of the life of their patrons for better service delivery. Light A library should have sufficient windows, glass windows and skylights which allow natural light abruptly in to it and there would be no need of any light generated from Electricity during day time. Also using of low energy consuming bulbs and lights in nonbreeding areas during night time indirectly help library financially and save electricity as a whole Air Today air is a most important factor. Air for breath should be pure and breathable. A proper plantation is needed in the surrounding campus which provides clean and pure air and make library cool (plain area library).Also trees gives pleasant air and it control air conditioner operation during summer. In hilly area cases building should be in a sunny place so that it will become little warmer and reduces room heater and blower expenses. The more air ventilator planned the more it reduces the electricity consumption. Electricity Electricity can be generated using direct sun light by planting solar system on the roof top of library building. Also the surplus energy can be conserved and helps during summer when library need extra energy consumption because of the use of air conditioner, fan and cooler. Water For the good sanitation system a library should plan in proper water available area which helps library clean, green and healthy. As natural resources are decreasing by its amount, drinking water is also one of them so it’s become responsibility of every human being to save drinking water. By looking in to the matter a library can reuse of waste water and rainwater in plantation, harvesting and flushing in toilets. Conclusion Libraries are in an excellent position to be both an ecological operator and promoter of environmental awareness. Green libraries are related to the overall green building movement, libraries have specific needs that raise some extra challenges for their preservation books must be kept away from sunlight as well as moisture and temperature change. Libraries need to be built flexibly, in order to make room for expansions in size and in wiring capabilities. References Aulisio, G. J. (2018). Green libraries are more than just buildings. Electronic Green Journal, 1(35), 1-10. Swati, D. (2018). Green Is The New Black: Bringing The Libraries Into The Green Scene:             International Journal

Cyber-security is a defensive tool in securing and preventing unlawful attacks. Cyberspace is being secured by using techniques and tools of cyber security which is especially concerned with cyber threats. Few cyber-crime are affecting cyberspace and society badly like identity theft, Hacking, Computer viruses, Copyright infringement, Click fraud, etc. Cyber-security ponders on 3 important things: The extent of security obtained by applying the security activities and processes. A set of defined actions and related processes, procedural and non-procedural activities, proposed to secure, cyberspace and digital devices such as hardware, software, mobile, etc. The resource they comprise and transfer, includes database, operating system and software, along with other additional components in cyberspace. They also consider threats that are affecting the security of society.  The allied field of professional endeavor, includes research and analysis that are targeted to execute those activities which will improve their overall quality. The cyber security research studies are the first steps taken toward defining a national R&D agenda. It is required to empower the country to get ahead of challenges and produce the required technologies adequate for defending them. These ultramodern technologies can safeguard information systems and networks. SOME BROAD RESEARCH AREAS IN CYBER SECURITY: 1. Information Security – This domain is to secure information from unauthorized access to avoid hacking, cracking, identity theft and to safeguard the confidentiality of information. This broad research area includes the following sub-domains Network Security, Mobile Security, Security Management, etc. 2. Digital Services – The term ‘Digital security is a collective term that indicates the potentials applied to protect our online user credentials, database, and other resources. These tools include anti-virus protection software, Telecom devices/ SIM cards, bio-metrics, web services, and secured personal devices. This broad research area includes the following sub-domains related to Web Services, Internet Banking, E-Booking, Mobile Commerce, E-Government, Electronic Commerce, etc. 3. Protection of Digital Services – In this domain, It Considers security and privacy as a substantial feature in all the assessments we develop while designing, building, and operating the service. This broad research area contains the following sub-domains Protection of electronic Services, protection of Business Information Systems, Security in Online Gaming Systems, Security, Trust, Privacy, Security in e-banking, e-Government, and Electoral Systems. References: 1. https://dst.gov.in/basic-research-cyber-security 2. https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/collection/digital-service-security/digital-services-managing-cyber-security-risk-digital-service   Dr.Vijay Arputharaj is a Lecturer in Skyline University Nigeria. He has completed his PhD in Computer Science from Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

An organic acid, Ferullic acid, are available in some grains, seeds, legumes, fruits, and vegetables e, g., Apple seeds, Barley, Bran, Citrus fruits, Corn, Eggplant, Flaxseed bread, Navy beans, Oatmeal, Popcorn, Rice, Rice bran oil, and Rye bread etc. Availability of Ferullic acid can be increased by cooking as it will break the cellular compartments where it is stored. Ferulic acid is found in high concentrations in various herbal products including in traditional Chinese medicine, e.g., dong quai (Angelica sinesis), sheng ma (Cimicifuga heracleifolia), and chuan xiong (Ligusticum chuangxiong). It has been shown to have many physiological functions e.g., antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial activity, anticancer, and antidiabetic effect (1). It is a very strong antioxidant. It executes its antioxidant function by triple mode: direct scavenging of free radicals, inhibiting enzymes responsible for free radical generation and enhancing the activity of scavenger enzymes. It is best known for its skin-protective properties and widely used in cosmetic industry. It is most often applied topically as anti-aging skin cream reversing the signs of aging, including growth of fine lines and wrinkles and damage from sunlight exposure. It is believed to neutralize free radicals of aged and damaged cells. The experimental study which indicated the role of Ferullic acid in protecting chronically ultra violet damaged skin against skin tumor development in mice, never included a control of treating mice with only Ferullic acid (2). Instead the study was conducted with Ferullic acid in combination with Vitamin E and C. Therefore, the result of the study remains doubtful today in grounding its role individually in healing skin lesion. Hence more studies with solid evidences are required. Besides the widely acceptance of role of Ferullic acid in skin protection, it is believed to enhance athletic performance and to prevent or treat certain health conditions e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Atherosclerosis, Cancer, Hypertension, Diabetes, Menopause and Osteoporosis. Unfortunately, the experimental studies of supporting its role in preventing or healing of each of this disease is pretty weak even today (3).  References: 1) Zduńska K., Dana A., Kolodziejczak A., Rotsztejn H. (2018) Antioxidant Properties of Ferulic Acid and Its Possible Application. Skin Pharmacol Physiol., 31:332-336. 2) Burns E. M., Tober K. L.,Riggenbach J. A., Kusewitt D. F., Young G. S. , Oberyszyn T. M. (2013) Differential effects of topical vitamin E and C E Ferulic® treatments on ultraviolet light B-induced cutaneous tumor development in Skh-1 mice. PLoS One., 14; e63809. 3) https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-benefits-of-ferulic-acid-89607#citation-2   Dr. Susanta Pahari is a Professor in The Department of Biochemistry, Skyline University, Nigeria. He has a PhD in Biochemistry, MSc in Biochemistry from University of Calcutta, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria