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Introduction Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) is a new conceptual model that has gained prominence in the world, particularly in the corporate environment. Green HR as eco-friendly drives, prompts better efficiencies, less expense, and elevates representative commitment levels. Green HR creativities help organizations discover elective approaches to reduce expenses without losing their top intellectual talents and in long term, it focuses on a strategic initiative to promote sustainable business practices in the emerging business scenario. In green HR, HRM arrangements are utilized to animate and uphold the reasonable utilization of assets and protect the indigenous habitat. Green HR concentrates on a turn of events, execution, and upkeep of all exercises pointed toward making individual staff steady and focused on realistic objectives. It incorporates the HR function of staffing, performance appraisal, and execution, lined up with the organization’s objectives. It includes all experts and specialists in adopting economical practices and improving awareness about an eco-friendly way of life. They incorporate the advancement of energy conservation. Importance of Green HRM The significance of green HRM for both the organization and the worker, include: Enhancement in the retention rate of employee Upgrading public image Attracting better employees Progress in productivity and sustainability Decrease in the environmental impact of the company Value-added competitiveness and increased overall performance Examples of GHRM Practices E-bikes and E- Cars for representatives who are engaged in fieldwork and marketing-distribution activities. Organizing vehicle pool administration for pick and drop to the office. Buying things from nearby sellers to avoid travel and traffic. Save power by starting work early in the morning Create eco-accommodating mentalities among representatives Reduce the desk work by doing it on the web Recycle the wastage of firm Teleconferencing and webinar can decrease the time and energy Monitor water supply to save water   Green HRM Practices Encourage job seekers to use online portals of the company on career and recruitment processes. Inquiry through telephone and official E-mail of the company and video panel interviews with recent apps such as Microsoft Teams, Zoom, Google meet, webex meet, etc to reduce the traveling time and unsolicited paperwork. Announcement of Green prizes and rewards to employees who are rehearsing nature-friendly approach to their working environment and show the means through carbon credit equalizers, free E-bikes, and pollution-free vehicles for transportation to the workplace place.  Modern business can establish a green business climate by decreasing the utilization of printing papers, expanding the usage of recycling stationaries, utilizing eco-friendly groceries, bag and reduce the usage of crushed bottled water and plastics in the working environment. Companies can advise the employees to use public transport or carpooling for reaching the office and initiate GHRM by providing subsidies in interest-free loans to purchase hybrid cars and E- vehicles. Conduct business conferences and gatherings through the web, group calls, and video conferencing any place conceivable to moderate business travel. Encourage the employee to use luminous light bulbs and turn off lights, computers, and printers after work hours and on weekends for further energy reductions. Work with IT to change to workstations over personal computers since PCs burn through up to 70% less force and power. Conclusion Green HRM helps in accomplishing more prominent, efficiency with negligible consumption. It takes out ecological waste and makes the best use of refurbished HR talents and potential skills of the employees. It intends to build employer-employee commitment in a workplace that permits the organization to work in a natural working setup. Green HRM can assist with diminishing carbon impressions, appropriate usage of assets, and successful utilization of energy. Greening, the climate should likewise be possible all the more successfully just when similar inventive practices are executed in each capacity of the association with the end goal that the world turns into a greatly improved and a more joyful spot to live in. References Jayashree, M. and A. Selvarani. (2019). “Green HRM: A Road Map to Sustainability”, International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, February, Volume 6, Issue 1. Zoogah, D. B. (2011). “The Dynamics of Green HRM Behaviors: A Cognitive Social Information Processing Approach”, German Journal of Human Resource Management, 25 (2), pp. 117-139. Jain, A. (2016). “Green Human Resource Management Concept in Indian Industries Present Scenario”, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Allied Research Review and Practices, 3 (7), pp. 171-181.      

Automation of jobs is the fallout of technological advancement and it is unidirectional. I believe the decline of population below replacement level is one of the natural drives in favor of automation in the developed world. The issue of automation instantly produces fear of massive job loss resulting in unemployment, poverty, restlessness, and disorder in society. Being a citizen in the have-not divide of the world, incites terrible nervousness thinking about the future of the young generation, and how will they survive? This phenomenon is not new, it has already happened earlier with the introduction of computer in the workplace in the nineties when I was in my college days. Left-leaning ideologues were fighting tooth and nail against the introduction of computers in workplaces. However that fear has been proved to be wrong, in fact, computerization and digitization have created more employment and prosperity to the world. Now at the beginning of the fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0) (1), when it is transforming from computerization/digitization to automation, the same worries of job loss and unemployment have resurfaced. Experiences of the past indicate that resistance in accepting the industrial revolution has become a futile exercise and caused harm to those establishments who resisted it.  At this backdrop, recent predictions from World Economic Forum (WEF) (2, 3), “machines will create more jobs than they destroy”, will bring back hope and confidence to the youth. The report says that automation would eliminate 85 million jobs by 2025 but expects 97 million new jobs to be created, meaning an overall addition of 12 million jobs. These are the following jobs the WEF expects to be lost and gained to machines by 2025: A comparative examination of the above table indicates that the job creation and progress of the economy will demand more intelligence and a specific set of skills among job seekers. General attributes of graduates like somewhat capability of reading, writing, arithmetical calculation, and just basic computational skills (handling of MS Word/Powerpoint/Excel etc.) may not be sufficient, though required as default, to fetch in so-called “jobs of tomorrow”(JOTO). As manufacturing is also becoming automated, physical labor will be less required in the working places.  But careful observation of the above table may indicate a couple of trends (a) asymmetry in educational choice and (b) asymmetry in the geographical location of job generation, in the future. The listed ten areas of job creation streamline the requirement of sound knowledge and application of mathematics/statics (analytical) and computational (software, Programmeming, coding etc.) related disciplines. Therefore the demand for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics(STEM) related courses will shoot up and intelligent students will adopt the trend of JOTO as listed above. But the size of the student population of good talents successful in STEM subjects is not too big. Hence, there is a parallel trend among students of major portion, who are not so good in science subjects in school days, and usually will migrate to commerce/business-related discipline. But as the number of jobs from this domain will gradually disappear because of automation, a vacuum might be generated for these mediocre levels of students in finding jobs. This will also reflect in the offering of courses from the educational institutions too.  The second asymmetric development may arise in the cluster of the location of JOTO. Application of automation will be dominant in the industrialized nation, and the educational institutions belonging to those countries are also well equipped to nurture talents as required by JOTO. A combination of these two factors will spawn asymmetry in the geographical location of job provision in the days to come.   To my consideration, the development of these two courses of asymmetries in the future is inevitable. Therefore, severe challenges in job creation will be looming in front of the developing world in continuation for their economic growth in the era of Industry 4.0. References: (1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Industrial_Revolution (2)https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/20/wef-says-machines-will-create-jobs-but-warns-of-pandemic-disruption.html (3) https://www.zdnet.com/article/technology-is-about-to-destroy-millions-of-jobs-but-if-were-lucky-it-will-create-even-more/   Dr. Susanta Pahari is a Professor of Biochemistry in Skyline University Nigeria. He has a PhD in Biochemistry from University of Calcutta, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Automation of jobs is the fallout of technological advancement and it is unidirectional. I believe the decline of population below replacement level is one of the natural drives in favor of automation in the developed world. The issue of automation instantly produces fear of massive job loss resulting in unemployment, poverty, restlessness, and disorder in society. Being a citizen in the have-not divide of the world, incites terrible nervousness thinking about the future of the young generation, and how will they survive? This phenomenon is not new, it has already happened earlier with the introduction of computer in the workplace in the nineties when I was in my college days. Left-leaning ideologues were fighting tooth and nail against the introduction of computers in workplaces. However that fear has been proved to be wrong, in fact, computerization and digitization have created more employment and prosperity to the world. Now at the beginning of the fourth Industrial Revolution (or Industry 4.0) (1), when it is transforming from computerization/digitization to automation, the same worries of job loss and unemployment have resurfaced. Experiences of the past indicate that resistance in accepting the industrial revolution has become a futile exercise and caused harm to those establishments who resisted it.  At this backdrop, recent predictions from World Economic Forum (WEF) (2, 3), “machines will create more jobs than they destroy”, will bring back hope and confidence to the youth. The report says that automation would eliminate 85 million jobs by 2025 but expects 97 million new jobs to be created, meaning an overall addition of 12 million jobs. These are the following jobs the WEF expects to be lost and gained to machines by 2025: A comparative examination of the above table indicates that the job creation and progress of the economy will demand more intelligence and a specific set of skills among job seekers. General attributes of graduates like somewhat capability of reading, writing, arithmetical calculation, and just basic computational skills (handling of MS Word/Powerpoint/Excel etc.) may not be sufficient, though required as default, to fetch in so-called “jobs of tomorrow”(JOTO). As manufacturing is also becoming automated, physical labor will be less required in the working places.  But careful observation of the above table may indicate a couple of trends (a) asymmetry in educational choice and (b) asymmetry in the geographical location of job generation, in the future. The listed ten areas of job creation streamline the requirement of sound knowledge and application of mathematics/statics (analytical) and computational (software, Programmeming, coding etc.) related disciplines. Therefore the demand for science, technology, engineering, and mathematics(STEM) related courses will shoot up and intelligent students will adopt the trend of JOTO as listed above. But the size of the student population of good talents successful in STEM subjects is not too big. Hence, there is a parallel trend among students of major portion, who are not so good in science subjects in school days, and usually will migrate to commerce/business-related discipline. But as the number of jobs from this domain will gradually disappear because of automation, a vacuum might be generated for these mediocre levels of students in finding jobs. This will also reflect in the offering of courses from the educational institutions too.  The second asymmetric development may arise in the cluster of the location of JOTO. Application of automation will be dominant in the industrialized nation, and the educational institutions belonging to those countries are also well equipped to nurture talents as required by JOTO. A combination of these two factors will spawn asymmetry in the geographical location of job provision in the days to come.   To my consideration, the development of these two courses of asymmetries in the future is inevitable. Therefore, severe challenges in job creation will be looming in front of the developing world in continuation for their economic growth in the era of Industry 4.0. References: (1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth_Industrial_Revolution (2)https://www.cnbc.com/2020/10/20/wef-says-machines-will-create-jobs-but-warns-of-pandemic-disruption.html (3) https://www.zdnet.com/article/technology-is-about-to-destroy-millions-of-jobs-but-if-were-lucky-it-will-create-even-more/   Dr. Susanta Pahari is a Professor of Biochemistry in Skyline University Nigeria. He has a PhD in Biochemistry from University of Calcutta, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Introduction  There are many creative and potentially helpful ways that voice assistants could be integrated into the library settings. This could enhance studies with music and effects, provide accessible services for elderly patrons or individuals with disabilities as well as an alternative access point for common library queries and institutional information (e.g. searching titles, placing holds, requesting library event information (Hoy 2018). Amazon Echo is a voice-enabled wireless speaker developed by Amazon’s digital assistant. It was first launched in 2014. The device connects to a voice-controlled intelligent personal assistant service, known as which responds to the name “Alexa”. The device is capable of voice interaction, music playback, making to-do lists, setting alarms, streaming podcasts, playing audiobooks, and providing weather, traffic, and other real-time information. Skyline University Nigeria has launched its voice assistant services so that users could find out information about library history and library collections. Using voice assistants will strategically engage the communities in the availability of Library resources. As voice assistants are more widely used, librarians will become familiar with the use of smart voice assistant that has continued to expand from personal uses in the home to new applications in customer services, healthcare, e-government, and educational spaces, as well as raising questions from groups and academic environment.  Exploring voice assistant use and potential data privacy implications requires a dearth of empirical studies that Answer to questions asked by users.  Play music from streaming music services.  Set timers or alarms. Play games.  Make calls or send messages. Make purchases.  Provide information about the weather.  Control other smart devices (lights, locks, thermostats, vacuum cleaners, switches).  https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/05/29/amazon-adds-alexa-delete-commands/ According to Sheppard (2017), some key elements that distinguish voice assistants (Alexa) from ordinary Programmes are:  NLP: the ability to understand and process human languages. It is important to fill the gap in communication between humans and machines  the ability to use stored information and data and use it to draw new conclusions Machine learning: the ability to adapt to new things by identifying patterns The complexity and accuracy of voice recognition technology and voice assistant software have grown exponentially in the last few years. Currently, available voice assistant products from Apple, Amazon, Google, and Voice assistants have several interesting capabilities in the library such as the capabilities of voice assistants are continuously extending. Amazon and Google have provided platforms for librarians to extend their assistants’ capabilities. Similar to mobile apps, Amazon Skills and Google Actions, radically expand assistants’ repertoire, allowing users to perform more actions with voice-activated control in their environment. Conclusion  Intelligent personal assistant technology (IPA) is becoming the other of the day in libraries. The use of voice assistants Alexa in libraries has made a big way in Library and raises questions about the responsibility of libraries and librarians to actively engage patron data privacy concerns when considering integrating these technologies into services, it is also paramount that patron privacy (as a function of safety) stays at the forefront of library services. Alexa in the library is making the service of a librarian much more user-friendly in the 21st Century.  References  Amazon.com (2018). Blind Foundation. [online] Available at: https://www.amazon.com/BlindFoundation-New-Zealand/dp/B07J6HVVTV  [Accessed 5 JUN. 2021] Shead S (2017, April 6) REPORT: 1 in 4 people have fantasised about Alexa, Siri, and other AI assistants. Available at: http://www.businessinsider.com/jwt-speak-easy-study-peoplefantasised-about-alexa-2017–4 (accessed 12 June  2017) Griffin, P. (2018). The best smart speakers on the NZ market. [online] Noted. Available at: https://www.noted.co.nz/tech/google-home-amazon-echo-smart-speaker-best-options-nz / [Accessed 04 JUN. 2021] Hoy, M. B. (2018). Alexa, Siri, Cortana, and More: An Introduction to Voice Assistants. Medical reference services quarterly, 37(1), 81-88. Sheppard, B. (2017). Theological Librarian vs. Machine: Taking on the Amazon Alexa Show (with Some Reflections on the Future of the Profession). Theological Librarianship, 10(1), 8–23. Mr. Musa Muhammed, is the Assistant University Librarian in Skyline University Nigeria. He has MSc in Information Management from Leeds Beckett University, UK. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria

Food is any nutritious substance that an organism eats or drink or that plants absorb to maintain life and growth. Most food items originate from plants, animals, or fungi, and are essential to the human diet as they provide essential proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and minerals. The substance is taken in by the organism and incorporated into the organism’s cells to provide energy, keep it alive, or act as a catalyst for growth. Different animals have different feeding behaviour and metabolism due to specific food demand and habitat [1]. This provision from the Michigan Good Food Charter which is devoted to safe, environmentally friendly food, describe good food as food that is healthy, green, rational, and inexpensive. According to the Charter meat, dairy, and grain products generally get less attention than fruits and vegetables, but they can also be considered healthy sources of calories. Tastiness and aesthetic beauty are closely related: In other words, nutrient-dense food often has these positive characteristics [2]. Whereas comfort food is food that has a nostalgic or emotional significance for anyone and is distinguished by its high-calorie content, high carbohydrate content, or easy preparation. Humans have been gathering and consuming wild grains since at least 105,000 years ago [1]. Domestication, on the other side, didn’t happen for a long time. Recent evidence suggests that around 20,000 B.C. rudimentary agriculture started in and around the region of the golden crescent. From hunter-gatherer to processed food business, humans have covered a long journey. In the last century, we saw food and drinks become a lucrative business with many multinational companies playing a major part. With the advent of processed food or junk food, many believed that they are healthy, safe, and free of any side effects. Gradually, the process food industry flourished globally making huge profits. The main mantra of success was centred around the two most addictive substances on this earth i.e., sugar and processed fat. These so-called junk foods were built to strike us right in the taste buds while still fulfilling our innate appetite for sugar. Peer pressure and advertisement, not a physiological necessity, are behind the burgeoning, and in some instances chronic, intake of fast food [3]. Regularly consuming heavily refined meats, unhealthy fats, and sugary beverages have been attributed to a variety of harmful health consequence and the main causes of the worldwide obesity crisis. It’s also related to heart failure, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and certain cancers [4]. Coca-Cola, the century-old classic company synonymous with happiness and prosperity, is struggling with an ethical and financial quandary as it seeks to align the business interests with those of the community. The soft drink industry in general, and Coke in particular, has been chastised for its role in the global obesity crisis [5]. Because of Coca-Cola obesity rates for children in the USA had tripled since the 1970s, an increase that puts children at great risk for the above- mentioned lifestyle diseases. Balanced Diet A well-balanced diet supplies the body with all necessary nutrients for survival. This diet plan is structured to boost your general wellbeing and shield you from illness. Obesity and chronic disease incidence may be reduced by leading a healthier lifestyle that includes a well-balanced diet and daily exercise. A Balanced Diet Recipe  One should have these nutritious ingredients in the diet regularly [6]: Fresh green vegetables– such as cabbage and carrots – contain dietary fibre  Legumes– which are high in vegetable protein Nuts (walnuts and almonds)– have polyunsaturated fatty acids omega-6 and omega-3, as well as trace elements which gives an encouraging impact on the entire body  Dairy goods– raw yoghurts (without artificial sugar), kefir, and low-fat cottage cheese all produce calcium and aid digestion  Fish– they have high protein content and important omega-3 fatty acids Lean meat– like chicken breast, lean cuts of beef are a perfect source of protein that can help strengthen your skin and defend your body from infection and disease Preservatives– Preservatives, artificial colours, and palm oil can both be avoided in organic foods Sugar– As much as possible extra sugar must be avoided, also remove artificial sugar from your diet Things To Drink: Natural freshly squeezed juices, pure water, green tea, smoothies. Foods To Avoid: Sweet Carbonated beverages, deep-fried foods, hot dogs, burger, lasagna, mayonnaise, and other similar sauces. Sausages and meat products in the semi-finished state, flour and sugar juices that have been packaged. There is an old English proverb that the basis of all happiness is health. Intake of good food plays a pivotal role in maintaining good health. It is therefore important to remember that one must eat to live, not live to eat. It takes few minutes to consume 100 calories, but it may take several hours to burn them off. Logical food choice and a properly balanced diet may help us to avoid many chronic diseases and keep us fit and healthy.  References: Food. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food Center for Regional Food Systems Michigan Good Food Charter. https://tinyurl.com/1lhlwtga Alicia Ault. Why Do We Love Junk Food So Much? https://tinyurl.com/hur4elgj Who is to blame for the health risks of junk food: consumers or food companies? 14 November 2019.  https://tinyurl.com/2hjluj72 Gertner, D., & Rifkin, L. (2018). Coca‐Cola and the Fight against the Global Obesity Epidemic. Thunderbird Intl Business Rev. 60 (2): 161-173. Johnson O. The fundamentals of a balanced diet: foods, benefits, weight loss.     https://tinyurl.com/26cn2nwg   Dr. Sanjoy Kumar Pal is a Professor of Biology in Skyline University Nigeria. He has a PhD. in Animal Genetics from Indian Veterinary Research Institute, India. You can join the conversation on Facebook @SkylineUniversityNG and on Twitter @SkylineUNigeria